Modular approach to the next generation, short wavelength, laser-like light sources

A system and method for implementing a next generation laser-like light source with Free Electron Lasers (FELs) are provided whereby the construction of a Free Electron Laser (FEL) is customized through the use of individual modules having specified characteristics. Such individual modules include conventional lasers, electron guns, linear accelerators, magnetic bunch compressors and permanent magnet, hybrid, and electromagnetic, undulators or a combination of these undulators. These individual modules are arranged to exploit the occurring fundamental and nonlinear harmonics generated in each SP HG FEL to be used themselves as a light source, or alternatively to be a coherent seed for another module, such as, in high-gain harmonic generation (HGHG). An efficient method for producing shorter wavelengths of a synchrotron light source is provided. A three step process including imprinting, upconverting or wavelength shifting and reinforcing or strengthening of the electron beam microbunching is provided. The modular FEL is designed and constructed to meet specific user requirements in the most cost-effective manner. The modular single-pass, high-gain Free Electron Laser (SP HG FEL) significantly reduces the size and cost of FEL machines, obtains the shortest wavelength, has the ability to tune the output wavelength, and retains the coherence quality of the seed laser.